bleeding rectum

Bleeding rectum refers to the presence of blood in the rectum or anus, often identified during a bowel movement or when wiping. This condition can cause significant concern, but it is important to understand that while bleeding from the rectum is often caused by non-life-threatening conditions like hemorrhoids or anal fissures, it can also signal more serious issues, such as colorectal cancer or inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).

Common Causes of Bleeding Rectum:

  1. Hemorrhoids:

    • Hemorrhoids are one of the most common causes of rectal bleeding. These swollen blood vessels in the rectum or anus can rupture during bowel movements, causing bright red blood to appear on the stool, toilet paper, or in the toilet bowl. The bleeding is usually painless but can be associated with itching, swelling, or discomfort.

  2. Anal Fissures:

    • Anal fissures are small tears in the skin around the anus, often caused by passing hard or large stools. This condition can lead to bleeding, typically noticed as bright red blood on the toilet paper after a bowel movement. Anal fissures can also cause significant pain during or after bowel movements.

  3. Diverticulosis:

    • Diverticulosis occurs when small pouches form in the walls of the colon, which can sometimes become inflamed or infected, leading to rectal bleeding. The blood may appear as dark or maroon-colored, indicating that the source of bleeding is higher in the gastrointestinal tract.

  4. Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD):

    • Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis are chronic inflammatory conditions that can lead to rectal bleeding. Inflammatory bowel diseases cause inflammation and ulceration of the intestinal lining, leading to symptoms such as abdominal pain, diarrhea, and blood in the stool.

  5. Colorectal Polyps or Cancer:

    • Polyps are abnormal growths that can form on the lining of the colon or rectum. Although not all polyps cause bleeding, some may bleed intermittently. If left untreated, certain types of polyps can develop into colorectal cancer, which can result in persistent bleeding. The bleeding from colorectal cancer may appear as dark or tarry stools (melena), especially if the tumor is higher up in the colon.

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